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Gemini Citation Study: What Gemini Cites in 87000 Measured Answers

Data study of 87000 Gemini answers over 13 months: the platforms it cites most, its citation density and how it differs from the four other AI.

Published on:
30/8/2026
-
Updated on:
30/8/2026
Bar chart of the platforms most cited by Gemini, measured by Sorank on 87000 Gemini answers
Bar chart of the platforms most cited by Gemini, measured by Sorank on 87000 Gemini answers
Thibault Besson-Magdelain fondateur de Sorank

About Author

Thibault Besson-Magdelain

Founder of Sorank, 5+ years of experience in SEO, GEO enthusiast.

The short answer

Gemini was measured on 87000 answers over 13 months. Its most cited platform is Trustpilot at 4.33%, and it names on average 11.1 sources per answer, which places it first of the five models measured.

Gemini is by far the most generous model measured: it names several times more sources per answer than any other model in the panel.

Key figures

  • 301025 AI answers analysed between August 2025 and August 2026
  • 1820738 citations extracted from those answers
  • 131349 distinct domains cited at least once
  • 5 models measured separately: ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Claude and Grok
  • 79% of the questions asked in French, the rest in English

What Gemini cites most

  • Trustpilot: 4.33%
  • YouTube: 3.69%
  • Reddit: 2.5%
  • Amazon: 1.96%
  • Microsoft: 1.89%
  • Shopify: 1.54%
  • Wikipedia: 1.38%
  • Salesforce: 1.07%
  • LinkedIn: 0.98%
  • Facebook: 0.94%
  • Apple: 0.79%
  • HubSpot: 0.78%

How many sources each model names

  • Gemini: 11.1 sources per answer
  • Grok: 7.1 sources per answer
  • ChatGPT: 4.1 sources per answer
  • Claude: 3.5 sources per answer
  • Perplexity: 3.3 sources per answer

How to read these numbers

A citation rate of 2% means the source was cited twice for every 100 measured answers. Rates are computed per model against the number of answers of that model, so a model with a smaller sample never distorts a column. A source cited several times inside one answer is counted once per company block, which keeps a single verbose answer from dominating a month.

The distribution is worth as much as the ranking. The top three sources hold 48% of the citations counted in this table, 8 platforms sit above 1%, and Trustpilot is cited 1.2 times more often than YouTube. A market where three sources hold most of the citations rewards depth on those three rather than presence everywhere.

What changed over 13 months

Citation density on Gemini moved from 4.1 to 7.2 sources per answer over the period. The platforms it cites moved too: Trustpilot is now first at 4.33%.

Citation density month by month

  • August 2025: 4.1 sources per answer
  • September 2025: 3.7 sources per answer
  • October 2025: 14.6 sources per answer
  • November 2025: 18.2 sources per answer
  • December 2025: 17.7 sources per answer
  • January 2026: 19.2 sources per answer
  • February 2026: 21 sources per answer
  • March 2026: 18.5 sources per answer
  • April 2026: 6.8 sources per answer
  • May 2026: 10.4 sources per answer
  • June 2026: 18.3 sources per answer
  • July 2026: 6.6 sources per answer
  • August 2026: 7.2 sources per answer

What this means in practice

That generosity changes the strategy. Where ChatGPT offers a handful of slots, Gemini offers many, and it fills them with video, reviews and community content. The barrier to a first citation is much lower here, and the value of a single citation is correspondingly lower too. Gemini is the model where a video channel or a strong review profile pays back fastest, and the one where a thin content programme is most likely to produce visible results early.

How to use this study

  1. If you have video assets, index them properly: this is the model that rewards them most.
  2. Keep your review profile complete and recent, because review platforms occupy several of the top slots here.
  3. Use Gemini as your early signal, not your only one: an easy citation here does not predict a citation elsewhere.

How this study was measured

  1. We run a panel of buyer questions every month, the questions people type before choosing a supplier.
  2. Every question is sent to five AI: ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Claude and Grok.
  3. Every answer is parsed, every cited source is extracted and normalised to a domain and a platform.
  4. The citation rate is the number of citations of a source per 100 measured answers, computed per model so an uneven number of answers per model never distorts a column.
  5. The month is closed, the dataset is rebuilt, and the public files are republished on data.sorank.com.

Limits of this study

  1. This panel is not a neutral sample of the web. The questions come from the sectors our users operate in.
  2. The panel leans French: 237930 answers come from questions asked in French and 63095 from questions asked in English.
  3. Model coverage is uneven: 87008 answers from ChatGPT, 87004 from Perplexity, 87000 from Gemini, 20011 from Claude and 20002 from Grok. The two smallest samples are read as direction rather than as precise values.
  4. A citation is not a click. This study measures what the AIs cite, not what a reader does next.

The dataset behind this study

Every number on this page comes from the public Sorank dataset. The underlying figures, the monthly detail and the filters are available here:

Open the source data on data.sorank.com

Data updated on 2026-08-26.

How to cite this study

This study is free to quote, in an article, a deck or a report. Please cite the source and the measurement period, because the numbers move every month.

Sorank (2026). Gemini Citation Study: What Gemini Cites in 87000 Measured Answers. Sorank GEO studies, measured on 301025 AI answers collected between August 2025 and August 2026. Available at https://www.sorank.com/data/gemini-citation-study

Related studies

The same panel, read from another angle:

Measure your own citations

This study describes a market. Sorank measures your site: which questions mention you, which mention someone else, and what to publish to change that, tracked weekly across the same five AI.

Start with 3 days free. A payment card is required to open the trial.

Frequently questions asked

Which platform does Gemini cite most?

Trustpilot at 4.33%, ahead of YouTube at 3.69% and Reddit at 2.5%. The full ranking is on this page, and the source data is public on data.sorank.com.

How was this study measured?

On 301025 answers from five AI, collected between August 2025 and August 2026, with every cited source extracted and normalised. The citation rate is the number of citations per 100 measured answers. The public dataset is on data.sorank.com.

Why does Gemini cite so many more sources than the other models?

It composes answers from a wider set of retrieved documents and lists more of them. In this panel it averages several times the citation density of the least generous model, which is why entry is easier and each slot carries less exclusivity.

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