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ChatGPT Citation Study: What ChatGPT Cites in 87008 Measured Answers

Data study of 87008 ChatGPT answers over 13 months: the platforms it cites most, its citation density and how it differs from the four other AI.

Published on:
30/8/2026
-
Updated on:
30/8/2026
Bar chart of the platforms most cited by ChatGPT, measured by Sorank on 87008 ChatGPT answers
Bar chart of the platforms most cited by ChatGPT, measured by Sorank on 87008 ChatGPT answers
Thibault Besson-Magdelain fondateur de Sorank

About Author

Thibault Besson-Magdelain

Founder of Sorank, 5+ years of experience in SEO, GEO enthusiast.

The short answer

ChatGPT was measured on 87008 answers over 13 months. Its most cited platform is Wikipedia at 3.43%, and it names on average 4.1 sources per answer, which places it third of the five models measured.

ChatGPT is the most conservative of the five models in what it cites, and the least generous in how many sources it names per answer.

Key figures

  • 301025 AI answers analysed between August 2025 and August 2026
  • 1820738 citations extracted from those answers
  • 131349 distinct domains cited at least once
  • 5 models measured separately: ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Claude and Grok
  • 79% of the questions asked in French, the rest in English

What ChatGPT cites most

  • Wikipedia: 3.43%
  • Trustpilot: 2.7%
  • Microsoft: 1.14%
  • TripAdvisor: 1.09%
  • Shopify: 0.96%
  • Amazon: 0.9%
  • HubSpot: 0.54%
  • Apple: 0.43%
  • LinkedIn: 0.39%
  • Reddit: 0.33%
  • Salesforce: 0.32%
  • GitHub: 0.24%

How many sources each model names

  • Gemini: 11.1 sources per answer
  • Grok: 7.1 sources per answer
  • ChatGPT: 4.1 sources per answer
  • Claude: 3.5 sources per answer
  • Perplexity: 3.3 sources per answer

How to read these numbers

A citation rate of 2% means the source was cited twice for every 100 measured answers. Rates are computed per model against the number of answers of that model, so a model with a smaller sample never distorts a column. A source cited several times inside one answer is counted once per company block, which keeps a single verbose answer from dominating a month.

The distribution is worth as much as the ranking. The top three sources hold 58% of the citations counted in this table, 4 platforms sit above 1%, and Wikipedia is cited 1.3 times more often than Trustpilot. A market where three sources hold most of the citations rewards depth on those three rather than presence everywhere.

What changed over 13 months

Citation density on ChatGPT moved from 5.8 to 4.1 sources per answer over the period. The platforms it cites moved too: Wikipedia is now first at 3.43%.

Citation density month by month

  • August 2025: 5.8 sources per answer
  • September 2025: 6 sources per answer
  • October 2025: 6.8 sources per answer
  • November 2025: 6.4 sources per answer
  • December 2025: 6.6 sources per answer
  • January 2026: 6.3 sources per answer
  • February 2026: 7.4 sources per answer
  • March 2026: 6.3 sources per answer
  • April 2026: 2 sources per answer
  • May 2026: 1.8 sources per answer
  • June 2026: 1.7 sources per answer
  • July 2026: 4.2 sources per answer
  • August 2026: 4.1 sources per answer

What this means in practice

ChatGPT rewards established, institutional and encyclopedic sources, and it cites few of them per answer. That makes each citation slot expensive to win and durable once won. Video and forum content that performs on other models barely registers here. If your buyers use ChatGPT, the work is reference-grade: a well structured page, a consistent entity across the web, and presence on the sources ChatGPT already trusts.

How to use this study

  1. Audit how your brand is described on the encyclopedic and institutional sources of your sector, since those carry the most weight here.
  2. Keep one canonical page per topic with clear definitions, because ChatGPT names few sources and prefers unambiguous ones.
  3. Do not transfer a video-first strategy to this model: measured returns are close to zero.

How this study was measured

  1. We run a panel of buyer questions every month, the questions people type before choosing a supplier.
  2. Every question is sent to five AI: ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, Claude and Grok.
  3. Every answer is parsed, every cited source is extracted and normalised to a domain and a platform.
  4. The citation rate is the number of citations of a source per 100 measured answers, computed per model so an uneven number of answers per model never distorts a column.
  5. The month is closed, the dataset is rebuilt, and the public files are republished on data.sorank.com.

Limits of this study

  1. This panel is not a neutral sample of the web. The questions come from the sectors our users operate in.
  2. The panel leans French: 237930 answers come from questions asked in French and 63095 from questions asked in English.
  3. Model coverage is uneven: 87008 answers from ChatGPT, 87004 from Perplexity, 87000 from Gemini, 20011 from Claude and 20002 from Grok. The two smallest samples are read as direction rather than as precise values.
  4. A citation is not a click. This study measures what the AIs cite, not what a reader does next.

The dataset behind this study

Every number on this page comes from the public Sorank dataset. The underlying figures, the monthly detail and the filters are available here:

Open the source data on data.sorank.com

Data updated on 2026-08-26.

How to cite this study

This study is free to quote, in an article, a deck or a report. Please cite the source and the measurement period, because the numbers move every month.

Sorank (2026). ChatGPT Citation Study: What ChatGPT Cites in 87008 Measured Answers. Sorank GEO studies, measured on 301025 AI answers collected between August 2025 and August 2026. Available at https://www.sorank.com/data/chatgpt-citation-study

Related studies

The same panel, read from another angle:

Measure your own citations

This study describes a market. Sorank measures your site: which questions mention you, which mention someone else, and what to publish to change that, tracked weekly across the same five AI.

Start with 3 days free. A payment card is required to open the trial.

Frequently questions asked

Which platform does ChatGPT cite most?

Wikipedia at 3.43%, ahead of Trustpilot at 2.7% and Microsoft at 1.14%. The full ranking is on this page, and the source data is public on data.sorank.com.

How was this study measured?

On 301025 answers from five AI, collected between August 2025 and August 2026, with every cited source extracted and normalised. The citation rate is the number of citations per 100 measured answers. The public dataset is on data.sorank.com.

Does posting more content improve ChatGPT citations?

Not by volume alone. ChatGPT names the fewest sources per answer of the five models measured, so the constraint is selection, not production. One authoritative page per topic beats ten thin ones.

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