Полное руководство по доменным расширениям (TLD)

Доменные расширения, или домены верхнего уровня (TLD, от английского Top-Level Domains), образуют последнюю часть доменного имени (например, .fr или .com). С момента появления интернета их число резко выросло: наряду с историческими расширениями вроде .com, .net или .org сегодня существуют сотни новых тематических расширений (.dev, .shop, .paris и других), а также международные расширения на нелатинских алфавитах.

В этой статье перечислены все активные расширения, зарегистрированные IANA на 20 мая 2025 года, то есть за 48 часов до публикации этого материала. Для каждого расширения вы найдёте простой алфавитный перечень; чтобы узнать больше (правила, реестр, доступность), обратитесь к официальным записям IANA. Если вы выбираете домен для создания нового сайта, заранее сравните 10 лучших агентств веб-дизайна во Франции: это поможет подобрать расширение, подходящее платформе, на которой они будут работать.

Как классифицируются расширения?

• gTLD (generic TLD, общие домены): расширения, не привязанные к стране (.com, .info, а также .app или .tech).
• sTLD (sponsored TLD, спонсируемые домены): управляются конкретной организацией (.edu, .gov, .museum и другие).
• ccTLD (country-code TLD, национальные домены): две буквы, соответствующие стране или территории (.fr, .ca, .uk…).
• IDN TLD: расширения на нелатинских алфавитах, технически закодированные в punycode (например, xn--80asehdb для «.москва»).

Несколько ключевых цифр (IANA, 20 мая 2025 года)

• Общее число расширений: 1440
• gTLD (без IDN): 1041
• ccTLD: 248
• IDN TLD: 151

Полный алфавитный список

A

aaa, aarp, abb, abbott, abbvie, abc, able, abogado, abudhabi, ac, academy, accenture, accountant, accountants, aco, actor, ad, ads, adult, ae, aeg, aero, aetna, af, afl, africa, ag, agakhan, agency, ai, aig, airbus, airforce, airtel, akdn, al, alibaba, alipay, allfinanz, allstate, ally, alsace, alstom, am, amazon, americanexpress, americanfamily, amex, amfam, amica, amsterdam, analytics, android, anquan, anz, ao, aol, apartments, app, apple, aq, aquarelle, ar, arab, aramco, archi, army, arpa, art, arte, as, asda, asia, associates, at, athleta, attorney, au, auction, audi, audible, audio, auspost, author, auto, autos, aw, aws, ax, axa, az, azure

B

ba, baby, baidu, banamex, band, bank, bar, barcelona, barclaycard, barclays, barefoot, bargains, baseball, basketball, bauhaus, bayern, bb, bbc, bbt, bbva, bcg, bcn, bd, be, beats, beauty, beer, berlin, best, bestbuy, bet, bf, bg, bh, bharti, bi, bible, bid, bike, bing, bingo, bio, biz, bj, black, blackfriday, blockbuster, blog, bloomberg, blue, bm, bms, bmw, bn, bnpparibas, bo, boats, boehringer, bofa, bom, bond, boo, book, booking, bosch, bostik, boston, bot, boutique, box, br, bradesco, bridgestone, broadway, broker, brother, brussels, bs, bt, build, builders, business, buy, buzz, bv, bw, by, bz, bzh

C

ca, cab, cafe, cal, call, calvinklein, cam, camera, camp, canon, capetown, capital, capitalone, car, caravan, cards, care, career, careers, cars, casa, case, cash, casino, cat, catering, catholic, cba, cbn, cbre, cc, cd, center, ceo, cern, cf, cfa, cfd, cg, ch, chanel, channel, charity, chase, chat, cheap, chintai, christmas, chrome, church, ci, cipriani, circle, cisco, citadel, citi, citic, city, ck, cl, claims, cleaning, click, clinic, clinique, clothing, cloud, club, clubmed, cm, cn, co, coach, codes, coffee, college, cologne, com, commbank, community, company, compare, computer, comsec, condos, construction, consulting, contact, contractors, cooking, cool, coop, corsica, country, coupon, coupons, courses, cpa, cr, credit, creditcard, creditunion, cricket, crown, crs, cruise, cruises, cu, cuisinella, cv, cw, cx, cy, cymru, cyou, cz

D

dad, dance, data, date, dating, datsun, day, dclk, dds, de, deal, dealer, deals, degree, delivery, dell, deloitte, delta, democrat, dental, dentist, desi, design, dev, dhl, diamonds, diet, digital, direct, directory, discount, discover, dish, diy, dj, dk, dm, dnp, do, docs, doctor, dog, domains, dot, download, drive, dtv, dubai, dunlop, dupont, durban, dvag, dvr, dz

E

earth, eat, ec, eco, edeka, edu, education, ee, eg, email, emerck, energy, engineer, engineering, enterprises, epson, equipment, er, ericsson, erni, es, esq, estate, et, eu, eurovision, eus, events, exchange, expert, exposed, express, extraspace

F

fage, fail, fairwinds, faith, family, fan, fans, farm, farmers, fashion, fast, fedex, feedback, ferrari, ferrero, fi, fidelity, fido, film, final, finance, financial, fire, firestone, firmdale, fish, fishing, fit, fitness, fj, fk, flickr, flights, flir, florist, flowers, fly, fm, fo, foo, food, football, ford, forex, forsale, forum, foundation, fox, fr, free, fresenius, frl, frogans, frontier, ftr, fujitsu, fun, fund, furniture, futbol, fyi

G

ga, gal, gallery, gallo, gallup, game, games, gap, garden, gay, gb, gbiz, gd, gdn, ge, gea, gent, genting, george, gf, gg, ggee, gh, gi, gift, gifts, gives, giving, gl, glass, gle, global, globo, gm, gmail, gmbh, gmo, gmx, gn, godaddy, gold, goldpoint, golf, goo, goodyear, goog, google, gop, got, gov, gp, gq, gr, grainger, graphics, gratis, green, gripe, grocery, group, gs, gt, gu, gucci, guge, guide, guitars, guru, gw, gy

H

hair, hamburg, hangout, haus, hbo, hdfc, hdfcbank, health, healthcare, help, helsinki, here, hermes, hiphop, hisamitsu, hitachi, hiv, hk, hkt, hm, hn, hockey, holdings, holiday, homedepot, homegoods, homes, homesense, honda, horse, hospital, host, hosting, hot, hotels, hotmail, house, how, hr, hsbc, ht, hu, hughes, hyatt, hyundai

I

ibm, icbc, ice, icu, id, ie, ieee, ifm, ikano, il, im, imamat, imdb, immo, immobilien, in, inc, industries, infiniti, info, ing, ink, institute, insurance, insure, int, international, intuit, investments, io, ipiranga, iq, ir, irish, is, ismaili, ist, istanbul, it, itau, itv

J

jaguar, java, jcb, je, jeep, jetzt, jewelry, jio, jll, jm, jmp, jnj, jo, jobs, joburg, jot, joy, jp, jpmorgan, jprs, juegos, juniper

K

kaufen, kddi, ke, kerryhotels, kerryproperties, kfh, kg, kh, ki, kia, kids, kim, kindle, kitchen, kiwi, km, kn, koeln, komatsu, kosher, kp, kpmg, kpn, kr, krd, kred, kuokgroup, kw, ky, kyoto, kz

L

la, lacaixa, lamborghini, lamer, land, landrover, lanxess, lasalle, lat, latino, latrobe, law, lawyer, lb, lc, lds, lease, leclerc, lefrak, legal, lego, lexus, lgbt, li, lidl, life, lifeinsurance, lifestyle, lighting, like, lilly, limited, limo, lincoln, link, live, living, lk, llc, llp, loan, loans, locker, locus, lol, london, lotte, lotto, love, lpl, lplfinancial, lr, ls, lt, ltd, ltda, lu, lundbeck, luxe, luxury, lv, ly

M

ma, madrid, maif, maison, makeup, man, management, mango, map, market, marketing, markets, marriott, marshalls, mattel, mba, mc, mckinsey, md, me, med, media, meet, melbourne, meme, memorial, men, menu, merckmsd, mg, mh, miami, microsoft, mil, mini, mint, mit, mitsubishi, mk, ml, mlb, mls, mm, mma, mn, mo, mobi, mobile, moda, moe, moi, mom, monash, money, monster, mormon, mortgage, moscow, moto, motorcycles, mov, movie, mp, mq, mr, ms, msd, mt, mtn, mtr, mu, museum, music, mv, mw, mx, my, mz

N

na, nab, nagoya, name, navy, nba, nc, ne, nec, net, netbank, netflix, network, neustar, new, news, next, nextdirect, nexus, nf, nfl, ng, ngo, nhk, ni, nico, nike, nikon, ninja, nissan, nissay, nl, no, nokia, norton, now, nowruz, nowtv, np, nr, nra, nrw, ntt, nu, nyc, nz

O

obi, observer, office, okinawa, olayan, olayangroup, ollo, om, omega, one, ong, onl, online, ooo, open, oracle, orange, org, organic, origins, osaka, otsuka, ott, ovh

P

pa, page, panasonic, paris, pars, partners, parts, party, pay, pccw, pe, pet, pf, pfizer, pg, ph, pharmacy, phd, philips, phone, photo, photography, photos, physio, pics, pictet, pictures, pid, pin, ping, pink, pioneer, pizza, pk, pl, place, play, playstation, plumbing, plus, pm, pn, pnc, pohl, poker, politie, porn, post, pr, praxi, press, prime, pro, prod, productions, prof, progressive, promo, properties, property, protection, pru, prudential, ps, pt, pub, pw, pwc, py

Q

qa, qpon, quebec, quest

R

racing, radio, re, read, realestate, realtor, realty, recipes, red, redstone, redumbrella, rehab, reise, reisen, reit, reliance, ren, rent, rentals, repair, report, republican, rest, restaurant, review, reviews, rexroth, rich, richardli, ricoh, ril, rio, rip, ro, rocks, rodeo, rogers, room, rs, rsvp, ru, rugby, ruhr, run, rw, rwe, ryukyu

S

sa, saarland, safe, safety, sakura, sale, salon, samsclub, samsung, sandvik, sandvikcoromant, sanofi, sap, sarl, sas, save, saxo, sb, sbi, sbs, sc, scb, schaeffler, schmidt, scholarships, school, schule, schwarz, science, scot, sd, se, search, seat, secure, security, seek, select, sener, services, seven, sew, sex, sexy, sfr, sg, sh, shangrila, sharp, shell, shia, shiksha, shoes, shop, shopping, shouji, show, si, silk, sina, singles, site, sj, sk, ski, skin, sky, skype, sl, sling, sm, smart, smile, sn, sncf, so, soccer, social, softbank, software, sohu, solar, solutions, song, sony, soy, spa, space, sport, spot, sr, srl, ss, st, stada, staples, star, statebank, statefarm, stc, stcgroup, stockholm, storage, store, stream, studio, study, style, su, sucks, supplies, supply, support, surf, surgery, suzuki, sv, swatch, swiss, sx, sy, sydney, systems, sz

T

tab, taipei, talk, taobao, target, tatamotors, tatar, tattoo, tax, taxi, tc, tci, td, tdk, team, tech, technology, tel, temasek, tennis, teva, tf, tg, th, thd, theater, theatre, tiaa, tickets, tienda, tips, tires, tirol, tj, tjmaxx, tjx, tk, tkmaxx, tl, tm, tmall, tn, to, today, tokyo, tools, top, toray, toshiba, total, tours, town, toyota, toys, tr, trade, trading, training, travel, travelers, travelersinsurance, trust, trv, tt, tube, tui, tunes, tushu, tv, tvs, tw, tz

U

ua, ubank, ubs, ug, uk, unicom, university, uno, uol, ups, us, uy, uz

V

va, vacations, vana, vanguard, vc, ve, vegas, ventures, verisign, versicherung, vet, vg, vi, viajes, video, vig, viking, villas, vin, vip, virgin, visa, vision, viva, vivo, vlaanderen, vn, vodka, volvo, vote, voting, voto, voyage, vu

W

wales, walmart, walter, wang, wanggou, watch, watches, weather, weatherchannel, webcam, weber, website, wed, wedding, weibo, weir, wf, whoswho, wien, wiki, williamhill, win, windows, wine, winners, wme, wolterskluwer, woodside, work, works, world, wow, ws, wtc, wtf

X

xperia, xfinity, xxx, xyz

Y

ya, yahoo, yamaxun, yandex, ye, yodobashi, yoga, yokohama, you, youtube, yt, yun

Z

za, zappos, zara, zero, zip, zone, zotero, zuerich, zw

Заключение

Доменные расширения постоянно развиваются, а ICANN регулярно одобряет новые TLD. На 20 мая 2025 года существует 1440 активных расширений, что даёт компаниям и частным лицам огромный выбор для персонализации своего присутствия в сети. Будьте внимательны: перед регистрацией доменного имени всегда изучайте правила соответствующего реестра и убедитесь, что расширение отвечает вашим маркетинговым, юридическим и географическим целям. Поскольку обратные ссылки проще получать на одних расширениях, чем на других, изучение 10 лучших агентств по линкбилдингу во Франции перед выбором TLD может сэкономить время в будущем. Удачной охоты за доменами!