डोमेन एक्सटेंशन (TLD) की संपूर्ण गाइड

डोमेन एक्सटेंशन, यानी टॉप-लेवल डोमेन (TLD, Top-Level Domains का संक्षिप्त रूप), डोमेन नाम का आखिरी हिस्सा होते हैं (उदाहरण के लिए .fr या .com)। इंटरनेट की शुरुआत से इनकी संख्या तेज़ी से बढ़ी है: .com, .net या .org जैसे पारंपरिक एक्सटेंशन के साथ अब सैकड़ों नए विषय-आधारित एक्सटेंशन (.dev, .shop, .paris आदि) हैं, साथ ही गैर-लैटिन अक्षरों वाले अंतरराष्ट्रीय एक्सटेंशन भी हैं।

इस लेख में IANA द्वारा 20 मई 2025 तक पंजीकृत सभी सक्रिय एक्सटेंशन की सूची है, यानी इस पोस्ट के प्रकाशन से 48 घंटे पहले तक। हर एक्सटेंशन के लिए आपको एक सरल वर्णानुक्रम सूची मिलेगी; इससे आगे (नीतियां, रजिस्ट्री, उपलब्धता) के लिए आधिकारिक IANA रिकॉर्ड देखें। अगर आप किसी बिल्कुल नई वेबसाइट के निर्माण के हिस्से के रूप में डोमेन चुन रहे हैं, तो पहले फ्रांस की शीर्ष 10 वेब डिज़ाइन एजेंसियों की तुलना देखने से आपको वह एक्सटेंशन चुनने में मदद मिल सकती है जो वे जिस प्लेटफ़ॉर्म पर बनाएंगे उससे मेल खाए।

एक्सटेंशन कैसे वर्गीकृत होते हैं?

• gTLD (generic TLD): ऐसे एक्सटेंशन जो किसी देश से नहीं जुड़े हैं (.com, .info, साथ ही .app या .tech)।
• sTLD (sponsored TLD): किसी खास संस्था द्वारा प्रबंधित (.edu, .gov, .museum आदि)।
• ccTLD (country-code TLD): दो अक्षर जो किसी देश या क्षेत्र से मेल खाते हैं (.fr, .ca, .uk…)।
• IDN TLD: गैर-लैटिन लिपियों वाले एक्सटेंशन, जो तकनीकी रूप से punycode में एन्कोड होते हैं (जैसे "москва" वाले एक्सटेंशन का कोड xn--80asehdb)।

कुछ त्वरित आंकड़े (IANA, 20 मई 2025)

• एक्सटेंशन की कुल संख्या: 1,440
• gTLD (IDN को छोड़कर): 1,041
• ccTLD: 248
• IDN TLD: 151

पूरी वर्णानुक्रम सूची

A

aaa, aarp, abb, abbott, abbvie, abc, able, abogado, abudhabi, ac, academy, accenture, accountant, accountants, aco, actor, ad, ads, adult, ae, aeg, aero, aetna, af, afl, africa, ag, agakhan, agency, ai, aig, airbus, airforce, airtel, akdn, al, alibaba, alipay, allfinanz, allstate, ally, alsace, alstom, am, amazon, americanexpress, americanfamily, amex, amfam, amica, amsterdam, analytics, android, anquan, anz, ao, aol, apartments, app, apple, aq, aquarelle, ar, arab, aramco, archi, army, arpa, art, arte, as, asda, asia, associates, at, athleta, attorney, au, auction, audi, audible, audio, auspost, author, auto, autos, aw, aws, ax, axa, az, azure

B

ba, baby, baidu, banamex, band, bank, bar, barcelona, barclaycard, barclays, barefoot, bargains, baseball, basketball, bauhaus, bayern, bb, bbc, bbt, bbva, bcg, bcn, bd, be, beats, beauty, beer, berlin, best, bestbuy, bet, bf, bg, bh, bharti, bi, bible, bid, bike, bing, bingo, bio, biz, bj, black, blackfriday, blockbuster, blog, bloomberg, blue, bm, bms, bmw, bn, bnpparibas, bo, boats, boehringer, bofa, bom, bond, boo, book, booking, bosch, bostik, boston, bot, boutique, box, br, bradesco, bridgestone, broadway, broker, brother, brussels, bs, bt, build, builders, business, buy, buzz, bv, bw, by, bz, bzh

C

ca, cab, cafe, cal, call, calvinklein, cam, camera, camp, canon, capetown, capital, capitalone, car, caravan, cards, care, career, careers, cars, casa, case, cash, casino, cat, catering, catholic, cba, cbn, cbre, cc, cd, center, ceo, cern, cf, cfa, cfd, cg, ch, chanel, channel, charity, chase, chat, cheap, chintai, christmas, chrome, church, ci, cipriani, circle, cisco, citadel, citi, citic, city, ck, cl, claims, cleaning, click, clinic, clinique, clothing, cloud, club, clubmed, cm, cn, co, coach, codes, coffee, college, cologne, com, commbank, community, company, compare, computer, comsec, condos, construction, consulting, contact, contractors, cooking, cool, coop, corsica, country, coupon, coupons, courses, cpa, cr, credit, creditcard, creditunion, cricket, crown, crs, cruise, cruises, cu, cuisinella, cv, cw, cx, cy, cymru, cyou, cz

D

dad, dance, data, date, dating, datsun, day, dclk, dds, de, deal, dealer, deals, degree, delivery, dell, deloitte, delta, democrat, dental, dentist, desi, design, dev, dhl, diamonds, diet, digital, direct, directory, discount, discover, dish, diy, dj, dk, dm, dnp, do, docs, doctor, dog, domains, dot, download, drive, dtv, dubai, dunlop, dupont, durban, dvag, dvr, dz

E

earth, eat, ec, eco, edeka, edu, education, ee, eg, email, emerck, energy, engineer, engineering, enterprises, epson, equipment, er, ericsson, erni, es, esq, estate, et, eu, eurovision, eus, events, exchange, expert, exposed, express, extraspace

F

fage, fail, fairwinds, faith, family, fan, fans, farm, farmers, fashion, fast, fedex, feedback, ferrari, ferrero, fi, fidelity, fido, film, final, finance, financial, fire, firestone, firmdale, fish, fishing, fit, fitness, fj, fk, flickr, flights, flir, florist, flowers, fly, fm, fo, foo, food, football, ford, forex, forsale, forum, foundation, fox, fr, free, fresenius, frl, frogans, frontier, ftr, fujitsu, fun, fund, furniture, futbol, fyi

G

ga, gal, gallery, gallo, gallup, game, games, gap, garden, gay, gb, gbiz, gd, gdn, ge, gea, gent, genting, george, gf, gg, ggee, gh, gi, gift, gifts, gives, giving, gl, glass, gle, global, globo, gm, gmail, gmbh, gmo, gmx, gn, godaddy, gold, goldpoint, golf, goo, goodyear, goog, google, gop, got, gov, gp, gq, gr, grainger, graphics, gratis, green, gripe, grocery, group, gs, gt, gu, gucci, guge, guide, guitars, guru, gw, gy

H

hair, hamburg, hangout, haus, hbo, hdfc, hdfcbank, health, healthcare, help, helsinki, here, hermes, hiphop, hisamitsu, hitachi, hiv, hk, hkt, hm, hn, hockey, holdings, holiday, homedepot, homegoods, homes, homesense, honda, horse, hospital, host, hosting, hot, hotels, hotmail, house, how, hr, hsbc, ht, hu, hughes, hyatt, hyundai

I

ibm, icbc, ice, icu, id, ie, ieee, ifm, ikano, il, im, imamat, imdb, immo, immobilien, in, inc, industries, infiniti, info, ing, ink, institute, insurance, insure, int, international, intuit, investments, io, ipiranga, iq, ir, irish, is, ismaili, ist, istanbul, it, itau, itv

J

jaguar, java, jcb, je, jeep, jetzt, jewelry, jio, jll, jm, jmp, jnj, jo, jobs, joburg, jot, joy, jp, jpmorgan, jprs, juegos, juniper

K

kaufen, kddi, ke, kerryhotels, kerryproperties, kfh, kg, kh, ki, kia, kids, kim, kindle, kitchen, kiwi, km, kn, koeln, komatsu, kosher, kp, kpmg, kpn, kr, krd, kred, kuokgroup, kw, ky, kyoto, kz

L

la, lacaixa, lamborghini, lamer, land, landrover, lanxess, lasalle, lat, latino, latrobe, law, lawyer, lb, lc, lds, lease, leclerc, lefrak, legal, lego, lexus, lgbt, li, lidl, life, lifeinsurance, lifestyle, lighting, like, lilly, limited, limo, lincoln, link, live, living, lk, llc, llp, loan, loans, locker, locus, lol, london, lotte, lotto, love, lpl, lplfinancial, lr, ls, lt, ltd, ltda, lu, lundbeck, luxe, luxury, lv, ly

M

ma, madrid, maif, maison, makeup, man, management, mango, map, market, marketing, markets, marriott, marshalls, mattel, mba, mc, mckinsey, md, me, med, media, meet, melbourne, meme, memorial, men, menu, merckmsd, mg, mh, miami, microsoft, mil, mini, mint, mit, mitsubishi, mk, ml, mlb, mls, mm, mma, mn, mo, mobi, mobile, moda, moe, moi, mom, monash, money, monster, mormon, mortgage, moscow, moto, motorcycles, mov, movie, mp, mq, mr, ms, msd, mt, mtn, mtr, mu, museum, music, mv, mw, mx, my, mz

N

na, nab, nagoya, name, navy, nba, nc, ne, nec, net, netbank, netflix, network, neustar, new, news, next, nextdirect, nexus, nf, nfl, ng, ngo, nhk, ni, nico, nike, nikon, ninja, nissan, nissay, nl, no, nokia, norton, now, nowruz, nowtv, np, nr, nra, nrw, ntt, nu, nyc, nz

O

obi, observer, office, okinawa, olayan, olayangroup, ollo, om, omega, one, ong, onl, online, ooo, open, oracle, orange, org, organic, origins, osaka, otsuka, ott, ovh

P

pa, page, panasonic, paris, pars, partners, parts, party, pay, pccw, pe, pet, pf, pfizer, pg, ph, pharmacy, phd, philips, phone, photo, photography, photos, physio, pics, pictet, pictures, pid, pin, ping, pink, pioneer, pizza, pk, pl, place, play, playstation, plumbing, plus, pm, pn, pnc, pohl, poker, politie, porn, post, pr, praxi, press, prime, pro, prod, productions, prof, progressive, promo, properties, property, protection, pru, prudential, ps, pt, pub, pw, pwc, py

Q

qa, qpon, quebec, quest

R

racing, radio, re, read, realestate, realtor, realty, recipes, red, redstone, redumbrella, rehab, reise, reisen, reit, reliance, ren, rent, rentals, repair, report, republican, rest, restaurant, review, reviews, rexroth, rich, richardli, ricoh, ril, rio, rip, ro, rocks, rodeo, rogers, room, rs, rsvp, ru, rugby, ruhr, run, rw, rwe, ryukyu

S

sa, saarland, safe, safety, sakura, sale, salon, samsclub, samsung, sandvik, sandvikcoromant, sanofi, sap, sarl, sas, save, saxo, sb, sbi, sbs, sc, scb, schaeffler, schmidt, scholarships, school, schule, schwarz, science, scot, sd, se, search, seat, secure, security, seek, select, sener, services, seven, sew, sex, sexy, sfr, sg, sh, shangrila, sharp, shell, shia, shiksha, shoes, shop, shopping, shouji, show, si, silk, sina, singles, site, sj, sk, ski, skin, sky, skype, sl, sling, sm, smart, smile, sn, sncf, so, soccer, social, softbank, software, sohu, solar, solutions, song, sony, soy, spa, space, sport, spot, sr, srl, ss, st, stada, staples, star, statebank, statefarm, stc, stcgroup, stockholm, storage, store, stream, studio, study, style, su, sucks, supplies, supply, support, surf, surgery, suzuki, sv, swatch, swiss, sx, sy, sydney, systems, sz

T

tab, taipei, talk, taobao, target, tatamotors, tatar, tattoo, tax, taxi, tc, tci, td, tdk, team, tech, technology, tel, temasek, tennis, teva, tf, tg, th, thd, theater, theatre, tiaa, tickets, tienda, tips, tires, tirol, tj, tjmaxx, tjx, tk, tkmaxx, tl, tm, tmall, tn, to, today, tokyo, tools, top, toray, toshiba, total, tours, town, toyota, toys, tr, trade, trading, training, travel, travelers, travelersinsurance, trust, trv, tt, tube, tui, tunes, tushu, tv, tvs, tw, tz

U

ua, ubank, ubs, ug, uk, unicom, university, uno, uol, ups, us, uy, uz

V

va, vacations, vana, vanguard, vc, ve, vegas, ventures, verisign, versicherung, vet, vg, vi, viajes, video, vig, viking, villas, vin, vip, virgin, visa, vision, viva, vivo, vlaanderen, vn, vodka, volvo, vote, voting, voto, voyage, vu

W

wales, walmart, walter, wang, wanggou, watch, watches, weather, weatherchannel, webcam, weber, website, wed, wedding, weibo, weir, wf, whoswho, wien, wiki, williamhill, win, windows, wine, winners, wme, wolterskluwer, woodside, work, works, world, wow, ws, wtc, wtf

X

xperia, xfinity, xxx, xyz

Y

ya, yahoo, yamaxun, yandex, ye, yodobashi, yoga, yokohama, you, youtube, yt, yun

Z

za, zappos, zara, zero, zip, zone, zotero, zuerich, zw

निष्कर्ष

डोमेन एक्सटेंशन लगातार बदलते रहते हैं, और ICANN नए TLD नियमित रूप से मंज़ूर करता है। 20 मई 2025 तक 1,440 सक्रिय एक्सटेंशन हैं, जो व्यवसायों और व्यक्तियों को अपनी ऑनलाइन उपस्थिति को अनुकूलित करने की बड़ी पसंद देते हैं। सतर्क रहें: डोमेन नाम पंजीकृत करने से पहले हमेशा संबंधित रजिस्ट्री की नीतियां जांचें और सुनिश्चित करें कि एक्सटेंशन आपके मार्केटिंग, कानूनी और भौगोलिक लक्ष्यों से मेल खाता हो। चूंकि कुछ एक्सटेंशन पर दूसरों की तुलना में बैकलिंक हासिल करना आसान होता है, इसलिए किसी TLD पर प्रतिबद्ध होने से पहले फ्रांस की शीर्ष 10 नेटलिंकिंग एजेंसियों की समीक्षा करने से बाद में समय बचाया जा सकता है। डोमेन की खोज शुभ हो!